The foreign relations of Peru are managed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. As an important first-tier state in South America,Schenoni, Luis (2017) "Subsystemic Unipolarities?" in Strategic Analysis, 41(1): 74-86 Peru has been a member of the United Nations since 1945, and Peruvian Javier Pérez de Cuéllar served as UN Secretary General from 1981 to 1991. Former President Alberto Fujimori's tainted re-election to a third term in June 2000 strained Peru's relations with the United States and with many Latin American and European countries, but relations improved with the installation of an interim government in November 2000 and the inauguration of Alejandro Toledo in July 2001.
Peru is planning full integration into the Andean Free Trade Area. In addition, Peru is a standing member of APEC and the World Trade Organization, and is an active participant in negotiations toward a Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA).
Diplomatic relations List of countries which Peru maintains diplomatic relations with: #CountryDate12345678910— (suspended)11121314151617181920212223—24252627282930313233343536373839—40414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364656667686970— (suspended)7172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163—164165166167—168169170171172173—174175176177Unknown
Bilateral relations Africa Country Formal Relations Began Notes10 March 1972 Algeria has an embassy in Lima.6 September 1985 Angola is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.March 1966 Burkina Faso is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília. Congo-Brazzaville12 July 1975 The Republic of the Congo is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.7 October 1963 Egypt has an embassy in Lima.23 June 1987 Ghana is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília, Brazil.25 February 1976Peru formerly had an embassy from 1987 to 1990. The embassy in Nairobi was re-opened in 2023.Ejecutivo dispone la reapertura de la Embajada del Perú en Kenia (in Spanish)28 April 1974 Libya is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.18 June 1964 Morocco has an embassy in Lima.11 July 1990 Peru established relations with SWAPO, preceding Namibian independence. Namibia is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.5 July 1971Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 July 1971 Nigeria is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Buenos Aires.— The SADR has an embassy in Lima. Peru established formal relations with the SADR on 5 May 1987, under Alan García, but recognition existed since 16 August 1984. Said relations expired on 9 September 1996, with Peru taking a neutral part in the Western Sahara conflict. On September 8, 2021, Peru and the SADR re-established their bilateral relations, but the former again severed them on August 16, 2022, renovating them one month later.28 July 1993 Peru has an embassy in Pretoria. A Consulate was also maintained in Cape Town which closed in 1985. South Africa is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Santiago.October 7, 1988 Sudan is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.12 August 1975 Tanzania is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.September 1966 Tunisia is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Buenos Aires.5 October 1970Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 October 1970 Peru is accredited to Zambia from its embassy in Pretoria. It previously maintained an embassy in Lusaka until 1990. Zambia is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.March 1986 Peru is accredited to Zimbabwe from its embassy in Pretoria. It previously maintained an embassy in Harare until 1990. Zimbabwe is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.
Americas Country Formal Relations Began Notes10 July 1822 Argentina has an embassy in Lima. Peru has an embassy in Buenos Aires and consulates-general in Córdoba, La Plata and Mendoza. Both countries are full members of the Association of Spanish Language Academies, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States, Rio Group, and the Union of South American Nations.24 June 1826Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 June 1826 Bolivia has an embassy in Lima. Peru has an embassy in La Paz.3 February 1827Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 February 1827. Brazil has an embassy in Lima. Peru has an embassy in Brasília.30 January 1944Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 January 1944 Canada has an embassy in Lima. Peru has an embassy in Ottawa and 3 consulates-general (in Montreal, Toronto and Vancouver). Both countries are full members of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, of the Cairns Group and of the Organization of American States. The Canadian government announced in February 2009 that it was adding Peru to its list of preferred countries to receive foreign aid. This list includes 18 countries and the West Bank and Caribbean.Alexander Panetta, "Canada limits main foreign aid recipients to 20 countries", Canada East website (accessed 3 March 2009)8 October 1822Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 October 1822
In November 1999, Peru and Chile signed three agreements which put to rest the remaining obstacles holding up implementation of the 1929 Treaty of Lima, which officially ended the 1879 War of the Pacific. In December 1999, President Alberto Fujimori made the first visit ever to Chile by a Peruvian head of state.
Relations between the two nations have since mostly recovered. In 2005, the Peruvian Congress unilaterally approved a law which increased the stated sea limit with Chile. This law superseded the Peruvian supreme decree 781 for same purpose from 1947, which had autolimited its maritime border to geographical parallels only. Peru's position was that the border has never been fully demarcated, but Chile disagreed reminding on treaties in 1952 and 1954 between the countries, which supposedly defined seaborder. The border problem has still not been solved. However, Chile's Michelle Bachelet and Peru's Alan García have established a positive diplomatic relationship, and it is very unlikely any hostilities will break out because of the dispute.
Nevertheless, in early April 2007, Peruvian nationalistic sectors, mainly represented by left wing ex-presidential candidate Ollanta Humala decided to congregate at 'hito uno' right at the border with Chile, in a symbolic attempt to claim sovereignty over a maritime area known in Peru as Mar de Grau (Grau's Sea) just west of the Chilean city of Arica. Peruvian police stopped a group of nearly 2,000 people just 10 km from the border, preventing them from reaching their intended destination. Despite these incidents, the presidents of both Chile and Peru have confirmed their intentions to improve the relationships between the two countries, mainly fueled by the huge amount of commercial exchange between both countries' private sectors. Chile has an embassy in Lima. Peru has an embassy in Santiago.6 July 1822Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 July 1822. Colombia has an embassy in Lima. Peru has an embassy in Bogotá.28 April 1851Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 April 1851 Costa Rica has an embassy in Lima. Peru has an embassy in San José.11 January 1905Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 January 1905.
Peru had relations with Cuba prior to 1972, but broke them off in the 1960s. Cuba has an embassy in Lima. Peru has an embassy in Havana.6 April 1874Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 April 1874 The Dominican Republic has an embassy in Lima. Peru has an embassy in Santo Domingo.26 September 1831Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 September 1831
In October 1998, Peru and Ecuador signed a peace accord which definitively resolved border differences which had, over the years, resulted in armed conflict. Peru and Ecuador are now jointly coordinating an internationally sponsored border integration project. The United States Government, as one of four guarantor states, was actively involved in facilitating the 1998 peace accord between Peru and Ecuador and remains committed to its implementation. The United States has pledged $40 million to the Peru-Ecuador border integration project and another $4 million to support Peruvian and Ecuadorian demining efforts along their common border. In November 2009, Peru made an agreement with Ecuador in which Peru would export between 40 and 50 megawatts of electricity until April 2010 in order to help Ecuador with its energy crisis. Rafael Correa, Ecuador's president, expressed his gratitude to Peru for its generous aid during Ecuador's energy crisis.http://www.peru.com/economiayfinanzas/noticias20091114/66081/Presidente-de-Ecuador-Rafael-Correa-agradece-cooperacion-de-Peru-en-crisis-energetica- Ecuador has an embassy in Lima. Peru has an embassy in Quito and a consulate in Guayaquil.10 July 1857Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 July 1857
El Salvador has an embassy in Lima. Peru has an embassy in San Salvador.20 April 1857Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 April 1857 Guatemala has an embassy in Lima. Peru has an embassy in Guatemala City.17 July 1971 Both countries have established diplomatic relations on 17 July 1971 Guyana is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Caracas. It also has an honorary consulate in Lima. Peru is accredited to Guyana from its embassy in Caracas, Venezuela. Both countries are full members of Organization of American States and Union of South American Nations. Vice President Carl Barrington Greenidge visited Lima in 2018.1929 Peru is accredited to Haiti from its embassy in Santo Domingo, and has an honorary consulate in Port-au-Prince. Its embassy in the Haitian capital closed a few days prior to the 1991 Haitian coup d'état. Haiti is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Santiago, Chile.5 August 1856 Honduras has an embassy in Lima. Peru has an embassy in Tegucigalpa.29 April 1970Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 April 1970 Jamaica has a consulate in Lima Jamaica is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Caracas.23 January 1823Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 January 1823 Mexico has an interests section in Lima. Peru has a consular office in Mexico City.Consulate of Peru in Mexico City Both nations are members of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and the Pacific Alliance.28 June 1850 Nicaragua has an embassy in Lima. Peru has an embassy in Managua.2 March 1908Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 March 1908
Panama has an embassy in Lima. Peru has an embassy in Panama City.5 February 1858Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 February 1858
Paraguay has an embassy in Lima. Peru has an embassy in Asunción. Both countries are full members of the Rio Group, Latin Union, Association of Spanish Language Academies, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and of the Union of South American Nations.23 June 1978Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 June 1978 Peru is accredited to Suriname from its embassy in Caracas. Peruvian president Ollanta Humala visited Paramaribo in 2013.5 February 1968Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 February 1968 Peru has an embassy in Port of Spain. Trinidad and Tobago is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Caracas, Venezuela.2 May 1826 The U.S. maintains an embassy in Lima, Peru. There is a U.S. Consular Agency in Cuzco, and the USAID building is located in Lima.13 November 1858 Peru has an embassy in Montevideo. Uruguay has an embassy in Lima and an honorary consulate in Arequipa.