Belarus competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, from 13 to 29 August 2004. This was the nation's fifth appearance at the Summer Olympics in the post-Soviet era. The Belarus Olympic Committee sent a total of 151 athletes to the Games, 82 men and 69 women, to compete in 22 sports.

The Belarusian team featured two defending Olympic champions: discus thrower Ellina Zvereva and single sculls rower Ekaterina Karsten. Along with Zvereva and Karsten, shooters Sergei Martynov, Kanstantsin Lukashyk, and Igor Basinski, and married couple Iryna Yatchenko and Igor Astapkovich competed at their fourth Olympic Games, although they first appeared as part of either the Soviet Union (Martynov and Basinski in 1988) or the Unified Team (Astapkovich, Yatchenko, Lukashyk, and Karsten in 1992). Notable Belarusian athletes featured professional tennis player Max Mirnyi, table tennis star Vladimir Samsonov, gymnast Ivan Ivankov, Russian-born judoka Anatoly Laryukov, and Greco-Roman wrestler Siarhei Lishtvan. Three-time Olympic champion and wrestling coach Alexander Medved became the nation's flag bearer in the opening ceremony.

Belarus left Athens with a total of 13 Olympic medals (2 gold, 5 silver, and 6 bronze), failing only one gold short of the total achieved in Sydney. Three of these medals were awarded to the athletes in weightlifting, and two each in rowing and boxing for the first time. Five Belarusian athletes set the nation's historical record to win Olympic medals for the first time, including judoka Ihar Makarau in the men's half-heavyweight division, track cyclist Natallia Tsylinskaya in the women's time trial, and sprinter Yulia Nestsiarenka, who became the first non-American to claim the Olympic title in the women's 100 metres since 1980.

Originally, Belarus had won a total of fifteen medals at these Games to match its record with Atlanta. On December 5, 2012, hammer thrower Ivan Tsikhan and discus thrower Iryna Yatchenko stripped off their silver and bronze medals respectively as being ordered by the International Olympic Committee, after drug re-testings of their samples were found positive.

Medalists

| style="text-align:left; width:72%; vertical-align:top;"| Medal Name Sport Event Date Judo Men's 100 kg Athletics Women's 100 m Weightlifting Women's 63 kg Rowing Women's single sculls Weightlifting Men's 85 kg Boxing Heavyweight Boxing Light heavyweight Weightlifting Women's 63 kg Cycling Women's track time trial Shooting Men's 50 m rifle prone Rowing Women's pair Wrestling Men's Greco-Roman 84 kg Canoeing Men's K-2 500 m | style="text-align:left; width:23%; vertical-align:top;"|

Medals by sportSport TotalAthletics 1001Judo 1001Weightlifting 0213Boxing 0202Rowing 0112Canoeing 0011Cycling 0011Shooting 0011Wrestling 0011Total25613

Archery

Two Belarusian archers (one man and one woman) qualified each for the men's and women's individual archery.

AthleteEventRanking roundRound of 64Round of 32Round of 16QuarterfinalsSemifinalsFinal / ScoreSeedOppositionScoreOppositionScoreOppositionScoreOppositionScoreOppositionScoreOppositionScoreRankAnton PrylepauMen's individual63845W 141–137W 155–152L 166–173Did not advanceHanna KarasiovaWomen's individual58862L 155–162Did not advance

Athletics

Belarusian athletes have so far achieved qualifying standards in the following athletics events (up to a maximum of 3 athletes in each event at the 'A' Standard, and 1 at the 'B' Standard).

On December 5, 2012, hammer thrower Ivan Tsikhan and discus thrower Iryna Yatchenko stripped off their silver and bronze medals respectively as being ordered by the International Olympic Committee, after drug re-testings of their samples were found positive.

Men Track & road events AthleteEventFinalResultRankYevgeniy Misyulya20 km walk1:25:1019Azat RakipovMarathonAndrei Stsepanchuk50 km walk3:59:3219Andrei Talashko20 km walk1:29:3635Ivan Trotski1:25:5323

Field events AthleteEventQualificationFinalDistancePositionDistancePositionIgor AstapkovichHammer throw76.887 q76.229Yury BialouShot put20.0611 q20.345Leonid CherevkoDiscus throw57.8927Did not advanceVadim DevyatovskiyHammer throw76.7210 q78.824Aliaksandr HlavatskiTriple jump16.1834Did not advanceVasiliy KaptyukhDiscus throw63.048 q65.104Aleksey LesnichiyHigh jumpDisqualified due to dopingPavel LyzhynShot put19.6017Did not advanceAliaksandr MalashevichDiscus throw58.4523Did not advanceHennazdy MarozHigh jump2.25=13Did not advanceAndrei MikhnevichShot put20.119 q20.604Ivan TsikhanHammer throw80.781 Q79.81Dmitrij VaľukevičTriple jump16.3230Did not advance

Combined events – Decathlon AthleteEvent 100 m 400 m 1500 mFinalRankAliaksandr ParkhomenkaResult11.146.6115.692.0351.0414.8841.904.8065.824:37.94791820Points830723832831767864703849826693

Women Track & road events AthleteEventHeatQuarterfinalSemifinalFinalResultRankResultRankResultRankResultRankElena Ginko20 km walkcolspan=6 1:30:229Volha Krautsova5000 m15:44.0113colspan=4 Did not advanceYulia Nestsiarenka100 m10.94 NR1 Q10.991 Q10.92 NR1 Q10.93Natallia Safronnikava200 m23.284 Q23.638Did not advanceValentina Tsybulskaya20 km walkcolspan=6 1:31:4915Ryta Turavacolspan=6 1:29:394Sviatlana Usovich400 m51.372 Qcolspan=2 51.426Did not advanceAksana DrahunYulia NestsiarenkaAlena NeumiarzhitskayaNatallia Safronnikava4 × 100 m relay43.065 qcolspan=4 42.94 NR5 Irina KhlyustovaNatallia SolohubIlona UsovichSviatlana Usovich4 × 400 m relay3:27.366colspan=4 Did not advance

Field events AthleteEventQualificationFinalDistancePositionDistancePositionNadzeya AstapchukShot put19.691 Q19.013 (without medal)*Natallia Kharaneka18.528 Q18.964Natallia SafronavaTriple jump14.5215 Q14.2213Natallia ShymchukJavelin throw51.2341Did not advanceMaryia SmaliachkovaHammer throw65.6825Did not advanceSviatlana Sudak64.4231Did not advanceVolha Tsander69.949 Q72.276Iryna YatchenkoDiscus throw63.047 Q66.17Ellina Zvereva60.6315Did not advance *Nadzeya Astapchuk originally took a fifth place. After a series of doping-related disqualifications she moved up to third place. However as she had been banned for doping offenses since 2004, the IOC decided not to award the bronze medals.

Combined events – Heptathlon AthleteEvent 200 m 800 mFinalRankNatallia SazanovichResult13.731.73————Points10178910————

Boxing

Belarus entered six boxers in 2004. They won a pair of silver medals, with a combined record of 9-6 in competition. Belarus ranked 6th in the medals chart for boxing.

AthleteEventRound of 32Round of 16QuarterfinalsSemifinalsFinalOppositionResultOppositionResultOppositionResultOppositionResultOppositionResultRankBato-Munko VankeevFlyweightL 18–26Did not advanceKhavazhi KhatsigovBantamweightW 27–19L 18–33Did not advanceMikhail BiarnadskiFeatherweightW 32–18L 13–38Did not advanceMagomed AripgadjievLight heavyweightW 29–10W 18–10W 27–18W 23–20L 13–20Viktar ZuyevHeavyweightW W 36–27W L 13–22Aliaksandr ApanasionakSuper heavyweightL 5–23Did not advance

Canoeing

Belarus sent five canoe teams to Athens. They competed in seven events, earning a bronze medal in the flatwater men's double kayak 500 metre race. This put Belarus in a three-way tie for 17th place in the canoeing medal count.

Sprint Men AthleteEventHeatsSemifinalsFinalTimeRankTimeRankTimeRankAliaksandr ZhukouskiC-1 500 m1:50.3784 q1:50.5631 Q1:47.9034C-1 1000 m4:02.1595 q3:55.4564Did not advanceAliaksandr BahdanovichAliaksandr KurliandchykC-2 500 m1:41.5765 q1:42.4843 Q1:40.8586C-2 1000 m3:38.3917 q3:33.5884Did not advanceVadzim MakhneuRaman PiatrushenkaK-2 500 m1:28.2951 Qcolspan=2 1:27.996Aliaksei AbalmasauVadzim MakhneuRaman PiatrushenkaDziamyan TurchynK-4 1000 m2:52.1702 Qcolspan=2 3:02.4196

Women AthleteEventHeatsSemifinalsFinalTimeRankTimeRankTimeRankYelena BetGanna Pushkova-AreshkaK-2 500 m1:45.2796 q1:45.2343 Q1:43.7299 Qualification Legend: Q = Qualify to final; q = Qualify to semifinal

Cycling

Road AthleteEventTimeRankAliaksandr UsauMen's road raceDid not finishVolha HayevaWomen's road race3:33:3545Zinaida Stahurskaya3:25:4219

Track Sprint AthleteEventQualificationRound 1Repechage 1QuarterfinalsSemifinalsFinalTimeSpeed (km/h)RankOppositionTimeSpeed (km/h)OppositionTimeSpeed (km/h)OppositionTimeSpeed (km/h)OppositionTimeSpeed (km/h)OppositionTimeSpeed (km/h)RankNatallia TsylinskayaWomen's sprint11.36463.3572W 11.84660.780L, LDid not advance5th place finalW 11.3645

Pursuit AthleteEventQualificationSemifinalsFinalTimeRankOpponentResultsRankOpponentResultsRankVasil KiryienkaMen's individual pursuit4:29.00513Did not advance

Time trial AthleteEventTimeRankNatallia TsylinskayaWomen's time trial34.167

Omnium AthleteEventPointsLapsRankYauheni SobalMen's points race24112

Diving

Belarusian divers qualified for four individual spots at the 2004 Olympic Games.

Men AthleteEventPreliminariesSemifinalsFinalPointsRankPointsRankPointsRankSergei Kuchmasov3 m springboard377.6125Did not advanceAliaksandr Varlamau357.0930Did not advanceAndrei Mamontov10 m platform338.5530Did not advanceAliaksandr Varlamau361.4127Did not advance

Equestrian

Dressage AthleteHorseEventGrand PrixGrand Prix SpecialGrand Prix FreestyleOverallScoreRankScoreRankScoreRankScoreRankIryna LisProbleskIndividual67.08327 Q66.52224Did not advance

Fencing

Two Belarusian fencers qualified for the following individual spots:

Men AthleteEventRound of 64Round of 32Round of 16QuarterfinalSemifinalFinal / Opposition ScoreOpposition ScoreOpposition ScoreOpposition ScoreOpposition ScoreOpposition ScoreRankDmitri LapkesIndividual sabreW 15–9W 15–9W 15–9L 6–15L 11–154

Women AthleteEventRound of 32Round of 16QuarterfinalSemifinalFinal / Opposition ScoreOpposition ScoreOpposition ScoreOpposition ScoreOpposition ScoreRankVita SilchenkoIndividual foilL 4–15Did not advance

Gymnastics

Artistic Men AthleteEventQualificationFinalApparatusTotalRankApparatusTotalRankIvan IvankovPommel horse9.675colspan=4 9.67513Did not advanceRingscolspan=2 9.700colspan=3 9.70013Did not advanceParallel barscolspan=4 9.7629.7624 Qcolspan=4 9.7629.7624Horizontal barcolspan=5 9.7009.70016Did not advanceDzianis SavenkovAll-around9.5128.8009.6379.5008.8757.30053.62442Did not advance

Women AthleteEventQualificationFinalApparatusTotalRankApparatusTotalRankYulia TarasenkaAll-around 8.9877.9257.8378.53733.28659Did not advance

Rhythmic AthleteEventQualificationFinalHoopBallClubsRibbonTotalRankHoopBallClubsRibbonTotalRankSvetlana RudalovaIndividual23.92524.60024.35023.05095.92510 Q24.70025.00024.12523.45097.27510Inna Zhukova24.57524.20025.10024.70098.5758 Q25.00025.30025.20025.075100.5757

AthleteEventQualificationFinal5 ribbons3 hoops 2 ballsTotalRank5 ribbons3 hoops 2 ballsTotalRankNataliya AleksandrovaYenia BurloGlafira MartinovichZlatislava NersesyanGalina NikandrovaMariya PoplykoTeam23.20022.50045.7006 Q23.50024.50048.0004

Trampoline AthleteEventQualificationFinalScoreRankScoreRankMikalai KazakMen's52.8014Did not advanceDmitri Poliaroush67.805 Q40.204Tatsiana PiatreniaWomen's32.9016Did not advance

Judo

Seven Belarusian judoka (six men and one woman) qualified for the 2004 Summer Olympics.

Men AthleteEventRound of 32Round of 16QuarterfinalsSemifinalsRepechage 1Repechage 2Repechage 3Final / OppositionResultOppositionResultOppositionResultOppositionResultOppositionResultOppositionResultOppositionResultOppositionResultRankSiarhei Novikau−60 kgL 0100–1010Did not advanceAnatoly Laryukov−73 kgL 0011–0021Did not advanceL 0000–0001Did not advanceSiarhei Shundzikau−81 kgW 1111–0011L 0001–0010Did not advanceSiarhei Kukharenka−90 kgL 0000–1000Did not advanceW 1021–0000L 0100–1000Did not advanceIhar Makarau−100 kgW 1010–0010W 0200–0000W 0011–0001W 0011–0001colspan=3 W 0101–0020Yury Rybak+100 kgW 1001–0000W 0210–0000L 0010–1011Did not advanceL 0000–1000Did not advance

Women