Dar ul-Funun (, ; ) was an institute of higher education in Qajar Iran. It was established in 1851 by Amir Kabir, the grand vizier to Nasereddin Shah.
Introduction
Founded by Amir Kabir, then the grand vizier to Nasereddin Shah, the fourth Shah of Qajar Iran, Dār al-Funun originally was conceived as a polytechnic to train upper-class Iranian youth in medicine, engineering, military science, and geology. It was similar in scope and purpose to American land grant colleges like Purdue and Texas A&M. Like them, it developed and expanded its mission over the next hundred years, eventually becoming the University of Tehran.For an illustrated report on Dar ol-Fonoun see: Hamid-Reza Hosseini, Dar ol-Fonoun in want of love ("Dar ol-Fonoun dar hasrat-e eshgh"), in Persian, Jadid Online, September 22, 2008, . The pertinent photographs (15 in total) can be viewed here: .
The institute was planned by the Iranian-educated Mirzā Rezā Mohandes (fa), and built by the architect Mohammad-Taqi Khān Memār-Bāshi (fa) under the supervision of the Qajar prince Bahrām Mirzā. Facilities such as an assembly hall, a theater, library, cafeteria, and a publishing house were built for the institute. In 1930, the building was destroyed by Mirzā Yahyā Khan Qarāgozlu (also known as Etemād od-Dowleh), then Minister of Education, and rebuilt based on a Russian engineering design.
Many parts of the institute were later on absorbed and merged into the newly establishing Tehran University. The Faculty of Medicine for example, was particularly the successor to the Dār ul-Funun Department of Medicine, established in 1851, which had become the School of Medicine (Madreseh-ye Tebb) in 1919.Encyclopædia Iranica: http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/faculties-v The elite school was training 287 students by 1889, and had graduated 1100 students by 1891. During this time, the faculty consisted of 16 European, and 26 Iranian professors.
List of presidents Mirza Mohammad-Ali Khan Shirazi (1851–52) Aziz Khān Mokri (1852) Mirzā Mohammad Khān Amir-Tumān (1852–57) Ali-Qoli Mirzā Etezād os-Saltaneh (1857–80) Ali-Qoli Khān Hedayāt Mokhber od-Dowleh (fa) (1880–96) Jafar-Qoli Khān Hedāyat Nayyer ol-Molk (fa) Mohammad-Hossein Khān Adib od-Dowleh Rezā-Qoli Khān Hedāyat Nayyer ol-Molk (fa) (1896–1906)
Notable teachers
Dr. Jakob Eduard Polak (1818–1891) – medicine and pharmacy Lieutenant August Karl Krziž (hr) (1814–1886) – artillery Captain Joseph Czarnotta – mineralogy Captain Zatti – engineering Alfred Baron de Gumoëns – infantry Johann von Nemiro – cavalry Michele Materazzo Francesco Materazzo Luigi Pesce Enrico Andreini – infantry Focchetti – pharmacy, physics and chemistry Jules Richard (fa) (1852–1891) – French language Ernest Cloquet Alfred Jean Baptiste Lemaire (1842–1907) – music Fedor Karaczay Alexandre Bohler – mathematics Borowski – geography Hawkin Félix Vauvillier Johan Louis Schlimmer (fa) (1819–1881) Joseph Désiré Tholozan (1820–1897) Albert Joseph Gasteiger (1823–1890) Ernst Höltzer (1835–1911) Martiros Khan Davidkhanian (1843–1905) – French and Russian Eskandar Khan Davidkhanian - French and Russian Mirzā Malkam Khān Nāzem od-Dowleh (1834–1908) – mathematics and geometry Mirzā Abdolghaffār Khān Najm od-Dowleh (fa) (1843–1908) – mathematics Mirzā Mohammad-Hossein Gharib Shams ol-Olamā (fa) (1843–1926) – Persian and Arabic languages Mohammad-Hossein Foroughi (fa) (1839–1907) – history Joseph Richard (fa) (1869–1935) – French language Abdorrazzāq Khān Baghāyeri (fa) (1869–1953) – engineering Dr. Mohammd-Hossein Loqmān Adham Loqmān od-Dowleh (fa) (1879–1951) – medicine Dr. Mohammd-Hassan Loqmān Adham Loqmān od-Molk (fa) (1884–1957) – medicine Ahmad Bahmanyār (fa) (1884–1955) – Persian language
Notable alumni
Politicians
Mirzā Hossein Khān Moshir od-Dowleh Sepahsālār (1828–1881) – prime minister (1871–73) Ali-Qoli Khān Hedāyat Mokhber od-Dowleh (fa) (1829–1897) – politician Jafar-Qoli Khān Hedāyat Nayyer ol-Molk (fa) (1832–1915) – politician Mirzā Mahmoud Khān Moshāver ol-Molk (fa) (1834–1920) – politician Narimān Khān Enāgolopiān Qavām os-Saltaneh (fa) (1836–18??) – diplomat Prince Abdolhamid Mirzā Nāser od-Dowleh (fa) (1840–1892) – politician Mohammad-Hassan Khān Etemād os-Saltaneh (ru) (1843–1896) – politician Dr. Mirzā Ali-Naghi Khān Hakim ol-Molk (fa) (18??–1903) – physician and politician Prince Abdolmajid Mirzā Eyn od-Dowleh (1845–1927) – prime minister Prince Abdossamad Mirzā Ezz od-Dowleh (1845–1929) – politician Mortezā-Qoli Khān Hedāyat Sanie od-Dowleh (1856–1911) – politician Prince Kāmrān Mirzā Nāyeb os-Saltaneh (1856–1928) – prime minister (1909) Prince Abdolhossein Mirzā Farmān-Farmā (1857–1939) – prime minister (1915) Abbās-Qoli Khān Ādamiyat (fa) (1861–1939) – politician Abolhassan Khān Ardalān Fakhr ol-Molk (fa) (1862–1926) – politician Mahmoud Khān Alāmir Ehteshām os-Saltaneh (1863–1936) – politician and diplomat Mousā Khān Hakimi Nazm os-Saltaneh (fa) (1864–1944) – politician Prince Mohammad Mirzā Kāshef os-Saltaneh (1866–1929) – diplomat and entrepreneur Mirzā Jafar Khān Esfandiāri Yamin ol-Mamālek (fa) (1867–1917) – politician Dr. Mohammad Sheikh Ehyā ol-Molk (fa) (1868–1938) – physician and politician Mirzā Nasrollāh Khān Khalatbari Etelā ol-Molk (fa) (1868–1962) – politician Mortezā Khān Momtāz ol-Molk (fa) (1869–19??) – politician Dr. Farajollāh Ziāei Ziā ol-Atebba (fa) (1870–19??) – physician and politician Ebrahim Hakimi Hakim ol-Molk (1871–1959) – prime minister (1945–47) Mostafā Khān Navāei Nayyer os-Soltān (fa) (1873–1940) – politician Hedāyat-Qoli Khān Etezād ol-Molk (fa) (1873–1953) – politician Esmāil Khān Adib Moāzed ol-Molk (fa) (1874–1923) – politician Yahyā Shams Malekārā (fa) (1874–1945) – politician Mirzā Jahangir Khān Sur-e-Esrafil (1875–1908) – journalist and political activist Mirzā Ebrāhim Khān Amid os-Saltaneh (fa) (1875–19??) – politician Mirzā Ahmad Khān Etelā os-Saltaneh (fa) (1875–19??) – politician Dr. Hossein-Qoli Qezel-Ayāgh (fa) (1875–1957) – physician and politician Dr. Hossein Khān Bahrāmi Ehyā os-Saltaneh (fa) (1876–1940) – politician Prince Soleimān Mirzā Eskandari (1876–1944) – political activist Mirzā Hassan Khān Esfandiāri Mohtashem os-Saltaneh (1876–1945) – politician Asadollāh Ghaffārzādeh (fa) (1876–19??) – journalist and political activist Hossein Samiei (1876–1954) – politician Khalil Fahimi Fahim ol-Molk (ru) (1876–1953) – politician Dr. Ali Khān Partow-Azam Hakim Azam (fa) (1877–1938) – physician and politician Mohammad-Ali Foroughi Zokā ol-Molk (1877–1942) – prime minister (1925–26, 1933–35 and 1941–42) and scholar Abdolhamid Saqafi Matin os-Saltaneh (fa) (1878–1917) – journalist and politician Mohammad-Ali Farzin (fa) (1878–1941) – politician Prince Nosratollāh Mirzā Amir Azam (fa) (1879–1916) – politician Ebrāhim Monshizādeh (fa) (1879–1918) – political activist Mirzā Nasrollāh Khān Sheibāni Jalil ol-Molk (fa) (1879–1959) – politician Yār-Mohammad Khān Afshār Sardār Saeid (fa) (1880–1936) – politician Prince Mohammad-Hāshem Mirzā Afsar (fa) (1880–1940) – politician Ahmad Fereydouni (fa) (1881–1969) – politician Mirzā Loqmān Nahourāi (fa) (1882–19??) – politician Gholām-Hossein Rahnamā (fa) (1882–1946) – minister of education Mirzā Farajollāh Khān Bahrāmi Dabir Azam (fa) (1882–1948) – politician Sediqeh Dowlatābādi (1882–1961) – journalist and political activist Ali-Akbar Hakimi (fa) (1883–19??) – politician Mirzā Hassan Farahmand Mokhber Hozour (fa) (1883–19??) – politician Ehsānollāh Khān Doustdār (1884–1939) – politician Dr. Hassan Loqmān Adham Hakim od-Dowleh (fa) (1884–1957) – physician and politician Dr. Ebrāhim Heshmat (1885–1919) – physician and politician Ali-Akbar Dāvar (1885–1937) – minister of justice Kāzem Khān Mojdehi Motamed Divān (fa) (1885–1964) – politician Ali-Asghar Zarrinkafsh (fa) (1885–1969) – politician Ali Mansour Mansour ol-Molk (1886–1974) – prime minister (1940–41) Ahmad Akhgar (fa) (1888–1969) – politician Asadollāh Yamin Esfandiāri Yamin ol-Mamālek (fa) (1889–1955) – politician Jamāleddin Akhavi (fa) (1891–1983) – politician Ghāsem Ghani (fa) (1893–1952) – diplomat Ali-Akbar Siāsi (1895–1990) – minister of foreign affairs Ali Soheili (1896–1958) – prime minister (1942–44) Mousā Nouri Esfandiāri (1896–1972) – minister of foreign affairs Dr. Javād Āshtiāni (fa) (1896–1981) – minister of health Abdolhossein Masoud Ansāri (fa) (1896–1984) – diplomat Abbās Eskandari (1897–1955) – politician Abolghāsem Narāghi (fa) (1899–1945) – politician Abdollāh Entezām (1899–1982) – diplomat Ebrāhim Fakhrāei (fa) (1899–1988) – politician Nasrollāh Entezām (1900–1980) – diplomat Shamseddin Amir-Alāei (fa) (1900–1994) – politician Hossein Naghavi (fa) (1901–1964) – politician Dr. Mehdi Āzar (fa) (1901–1994) – physician and politician Abdolhossein Hazhir (1902–1949) – prime minister (1948) Abbās-Qoli Golshāyān (fa) (1902–1990) – minister of finance Taghi Arāni (1903–1940) – political activist Mohammad-Ali Maleki (fa) (1903–1996) – politician Abdolhamid Zanganeh (fa) (1904–1951) – minister of education Rezā Rādmanesh (1905–1984) – politician Ali Amini (1905–1992) – prime minister (1961–62) Gholām-Hossein Sadighi (1905–1992) – minister of interior Taghi Nasr (fa) (1906–1985) – minister of finance Kāzem Hassibi (1906–1990) – politician Yadollāh Sahābi (1906–2002) – politician Fakhreddin Shādemān (fa) (1907–1967) – politician Fereydoun Keshāvarz (1907–2006) – politician Ali-Akbar Emāmi Ahari (fa) (1908–19??) – politician Ahmad Zirakzādeh (1908–1993) – politician Dr. Manouchehr Eghbāl (1909–1977) – prime minister (1957–60) Ahmad Houman (fa) (1909–1995) – politician Mohammad-Hossein Aliābādi (fa) (1909–1995) – politician Dr. Nosratollāh Kāsemi (fa) (1911–1995) – physician and politician Yahyā Sādegh Vaziri (fa) (1911–2013) – minister of justice Mozzafar Baghāei (1912–1987) – politician Javād Sadr (fa) (1912–2000) – diplomat Shamseddin Jazāyeri (fa) (1913–1990) – politician Shams Qanātābādi (fa) (1914–1988) – politician Ali Ardalān (1914–2000) – economist and politician Hassan Arsanjāni (1922–1969) – politician Fereydoun Motamed Vaziri (fa) (1922–2006) – politician Ziāeddin Shādemān (1923–2009) – politician Jahānguir Mahdminā (1925–2018) – minister of energy Siāvash Kasrāei (1927–1996) – political activist Hossein Shāh-Hosseini (1928–2017) – politician Ebrāhim Yazdi (1931–2017) – minister of foreign affairs Mostafā Chamrān (1932–1981) – minister of national defence Abbās Amir-Entezām (1932–2018) – politician Mohammad-Hassan Eslāmi (fa) (1933–2018) – minister of communications Sādegh Ghotbzādeh (1936–1982) – minister of foreign affairs Mahmoud Kāzemi Dinān (fa) (1939–2007) – politician Abdolkarim Lāhiji (b. 1940) – political activist Kāzem Akrami (fa) (b. 1940) – minister of education Hamid Ashraf (1946–1976) – political activist Ali Nazari (fa) (b. 1947) – politician Mohammad Mofidi (fa) (1948–1972) – political activist Mohammad-Hossein Ādeli (b. 1953) – economist and politician Shahābeddin Bimeghdār (b. 1953) – politician Majid Qāsemi (b. 1952) – politician and economist Rezā Āmeri (fa) (b. 1961) – diplomat Dr. Shahābeddin Sadr (b. 1962) – minister of health
Military personnel
General Amānollāh Khān Jahānbāni Ziā od-Dowleh (1869–1923) – Cossack Brigade general Admiral Ahmad Khān Daryābeigi (18??–1923) – Imperial Iranian Navy (IIN) admiral General Mahmoud Khosrowpanāh Ezām os-Soltān (fa) (1886–1972) – Gendarmerie general General Hādi Khānshaqāqi Hesn od-Dowleh (fa) (1889–1959) – IIA general General Ali-Asghar Naghdi (fa) (1895–1966) – IIA general and minister of war Admiral Gholām-Ali Bāyandor (1898–1941) – IIN admiral Colonel Sharafeddin Ghahramāni (fa) (1900–1942) – Imperial Iranian Air Force (IIAF) pilot General Hāj-Ali Razmārā (1901–1951) – Imperial Iranian Army (IIA) general and prime minister (1950–51) General Ahmad Zanganeh (fa) (1904–19??) – IIA general